China and Germany have strong and significant trade relations. Both countries are major players in the global economy, and their trade ties have evolved over the years.

In 2024 China was Germany’s second-largest trading partner for goods, with a volume of trade of approximately $261 billion.

In 2023, Germany exported goods worth $104 billion to China, with key exports including cars ($16.2 billion) and motor vehicles; parts and accessories ($8.72 billion) and medicaments. Conversely, China exported $164 billion to Germany in 2023, with primary exports being broadcasting equipment ($4.05 billion), other electronic products, computers, machinery, textiles, and other goods to Germany. China’s exports to Germany have increased at an annualized rate of 6.8% in the past five years, growing from $118 billion to $164. This bilateral trade relationship highlights the resilient growth amidst global economic challenges.

Germany exports a variety of products to China, including machinery, vehicles, electrical equipment, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. China, on the other hand, exports goods like electronics, textiles, machinery, and consumer products to Germany.

Despite the strong economic ties, there have been discussions about challenges and tensions in the trade relationship. These include issues related to market access, intellectual property protection, and concerns about a level playing field for foreign businesses operating in China.

Ocean freight is the most popular and cost-effective option for transporting goods between China and Germany. Container ships transport a wide range of cargo, and you can choose between Full Container Load (FCL) or Less than Container Load (LCL) options. The major ports involved in this route include Shanghai (CNSHA), Ningbo (CNNGB), and Shenzhen (CNSZX) in China, and Hamburg (DEHAM), Bremerhaven (DEBRV) in Germany.

Some of the primary ports on this route are:

• Port of Shanghai (CNSHA), as one of the largest and busiest ports in the world, offers direct connections to key German ports like Hamburg (DEHAM), Germany’s busiest port, and Bremerhaven (DEBRV).
• Shenzhen Port (CNSZX), a major hub for cargo transportation in southern China, offers regular connections to the Port of Hamburg (DEHAM), Wilhelmshaven (DEWVN), and other key German ports.
• Ningbo-Zhoushan Port (CNNGB), known for its deep-water berths and excellent operational efficiency, is a key port connecting to Hamburg (DEHAM) and other major European destinations.
• Port of Qingdao (CNTAO), with frequent connections to Germany, particularly Hamburg (DEHAM) and Bremerhaven (DEBRV). Its robust logistics network and strong linkages to both European and Chinese markets make it a reliable choice for businesses engaged in international trade.

Cost breakdown for ocean transportation

When deciding between Full Container Load (FCL) and Less-than-Container Load (LCL), businesses should consider the cargo volume, budget, and delivery timeline.

• FCL: typically ranges from $1,200 to $2,000 for a 20-foot container, depending on the port.
• LCL: generally costs between $75 to $125 per cubic meter, depending on the nature of the cargo and the specific route.

Several prominent shipping lines operate between the countries, ensuring reliable and timely delivery. Notable carriers include Maersk, COSCO Shipping, Evergreen Line, and CMA CGM.

It’s vital that the use of ocean transportation often translates into lower carbon emissions compared to air, making it a more sustainable choice for businesses concerned with environmental impact.

Shipping goods from China to Germany can be a complex process. Appointing the right freight forwarder is key. A reliable logistics partner helps businesses overcome the challenges and offers the personal attention of a logistics expert. Here is how to do that.

What to look for in a freight forwarder:

• Proven industry knowledge

  Select a forwarder who fully understands the transportation process between China and Germany. A forwarder with expertise in German customs regulations, compliance, and trade requirements can help you avoid unnecessary delays and unexpected costs.

• Wide range of services

  The ideal freight forwarder offers more than just moving cargo from A to B. Additional services such as customs clearance, cargo insurance, warehousing, real-time cargo tracking is a must.

• Cost transparency

  Shipping costs can increase due to ‘hidden fees’. To stay on budget, choose a forwarder that provides a detailed cost breakdown. Comparing quotes from multiple providers can help you identify the best value without compromising quality. Make sure you are comparing like with like and not an apple with a banana.

• Strong customer support

  Clear communication is paramount. A forwarder with a dedicated support team ensures you’ll receive timely updates and professional assistance, keeping your operations running smoothly.

• Customized shipping solutions

  Regardless if you’re shipping small items or large consignments, the freight forwarder needs to offer solutions that meet your requirements.

A forwarder not only streamlines the transportation process but also minimizes risks. They handle everything from documentation and preparation for customs clearance, ensuring your goods reach their destination without unnecessary and potentially costly delays.

Taking your time when choosing a logistics provider partner will pay off. A forwarder who understands your business requirements and offers personal support can optimise your shipping experience. By choosing wisely, you can concentrate on your core business and leave the freight forwarder to handle the logistics.

The cargo delivery time will depend on the type of transport used and the specific ports of departure and arrival.

Shipping to Germany by Sea

Transit times for sea transportation can vary based on whether you select Full Container Load (FCL) or Less-than-Container Load (LCL) services:

• Full Container Load (FCL):
• • From major Chinese ports like Shanghai, Shenzhen, or Ningbo to Hamburg or Wilhelmshaven typically range from 30 to 40 days. This duration can vary depending on factors such as the specific ports of departure and arrival, weather conditions, and any potential delays.
• Less-than-Container Load (LCL):
• • Shared container shipments often require extra time for consolidation, which adds to the transit time. Typical LCL from China to Germany can take 35 to 45 days, depending on the ports and any delays in handling.

Shipping to Germany by Air

Air freight is mainly used for high-priority goods. While flight times are short, factors such as cargo handling, customs clearance can influence the overall transit time.

Standard transit times for air freight:

Direct flights between major Chinese airports like Shanghai Pudong (PVG), Beijing Capital (PEK), or Guangzhou Baiyun (CAN) to Frankfurt Airport (FRA) usually take about 11 to 13 hours. However, the overall delivery time, including customs clearance can range from 5 to 8 days. For example:

• Shanghai to Frankfurt: Typically reaches within 5 days.
• Beijing to Frankfurt: Usually takes around 5-6 days.

Express service:
If you need an even faster solution, express shipping offers the quickest delivery option. Express services use dedicated air freight and often provide faster processing times, including priority handling through customs. Express from China to Germany can generally be completed within 1 to 2 days, making it the best choice for extremely time-sensitive requests like perishable goods, electronics, or high-priority documents.

Understanding these timelines can significantly impact your supply chain planning. Whether you’re shipping from Shenzhen or another major Chinese city, knowing shipping times from China to Germany will help you make informed decisions.

If you’re looking for the best freight forwarder from China to Germany, consider working with experienced logistics providers who offer reliable and efficient solutions tailored to your shipping needs.

Shipping from China to Germany transit time and price (April 2025)